Spotlight 12/23: Verbesserte Glaubwürdigkeit. Zur Bedeutung der F-35A für die nukleare Teilhabe

von Frank Kuhn | Zur Publikation

¹ Michael Kofman und Anya Loukianova Fink, „Escalation Management and Nuclear Employment in Russian Military Strategy“, War on the Rocks, 23. Juni 2020, http://warontherocks.com/2020/06/escalation-management-and-nuclear-employment-in-russian-military-strategy/.

²Andrea Kendall-Taylor u. a., „Assessing the Evolving Russian Nuclear Threat“, Transatlantic Security (Center for a New American Security, 31. Oktober 2023), https://www.cnas.org/publications/reports/assessing-the-evolving-russian-nuclear-threat.

³ Hans M. Kristensen und Matt Korda, „United States Nuclear Weapons, 2023“, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 79, Nr. 1 (2. Januar 2023): 28–52, https://doi.org/10.1080/00963402.2022.2156686; Hans M. Kristensen u. a., „Nuclear weapons sharing, 2023“, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 79, Nr. 6 (2. November 2023): 393–406, https://doi.org/10.1080/00963402.2023.2266944.

⁴ Auswärtiges Amt, Hrsg., Wehrhaft. Resilient. Nachhaltig. Integrierte Sicherheit für Deutschland. Nationale Sicherheitsstrategie., 2023, 31, https://www.nationalesicherheitsstrategie.de/Sicherheitsstrategie-DE.pdf.

⁵ Karl-Heinz Kamp und Robertus C.N. Remkes, „Options for NATO Nuclear Sharing Arrangements“, in Reducing Nuclear Risks in Europe. A Framework for Action, hg. von Steve Andreasen und Isabelle Williams (Washington, D.C.: Nuclear Threat Initiative, 2011), 76–95, https://media.nti.org/pdfs/NTI_Framework_full_report.pdf.

⁶ Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages, „Zu Fragen der Stationierung von taktischen Atomwaffen in Deutschland im Rahmen der nuklearen Teilhabe“, WD 2 - 3000 - 035/20, 29. April 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/702314/1fb4904aff70ef3a007a78606bb11bf0/WD-2-035-20-pdf-data.pdf.

⁷ Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies u. a., Hrsg., Friedensgutachten 2022. Friedensfähig in Krisenzeiten, Friedensgutachten 2022 (Bielefeld: transcript, 2022), 104–5, https://doi.org/10.14361/9783839464038.

⁸ Gareth Jennings, „Germany opts for F-35, Eurofighter to fulfil future fighter requirements“, Janes, 15. März 2022, https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/germany-opts-for-f-35-eurofighter-to-fulfil-future-fighter-requirements.

⁹ Thomas Newdick, „Dutch F-35s Gain Nuclear Strike Mission ‘Initial Certification’“, The Drive, 10. November 2023, https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/dutch-f-35s-gain-initial-certification-for-nuclear-strike-mission.

¹⁰ Roger F. Kropf und Robert W. Blankert, „Precision Low-Yield Weapon Design (PLYWD). Joint DOD-DOE Phase 1 Study. Final Report (U)“ (Kirtland AFB: Nuclear Weapons Integration Division, 30. Dezember 1994), https://programs.fas.org/ssp/nukes/nuclearweapons/PLYWDstudy.pdf; Hans M. Kristensen, „The B61 Life-Extension Program: Increasing NATO Nuclear Capability and Precision Low-Yield Strikes“ (Federation of American Scientists, 2011), https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep18629; Hans M. Kristensen, „B61-12: The New Guided Standoff Nuclear Bomb“ (Presentation to Side Event „The Future of the B61: Perspectives From the United States and Europe“, New York, NY, 2. Mai 2014), https://programs.fas.org/ssp/nukes/publications1/Brief2014_PREPCOM2.pdf.

¹¹ Eliot A Cohen, „Gulf War Air Power Survey. Volume 2. Operations and Effects and Effectiveness“ (Washington, D.C.: John Hopkins University, School of Avanced International Studies, 1. Januar 1993), https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA279742; David Deptula und Douglas Birkey, „Resolving America’s Defense Strategy-Resource Mismatch: The Case for Cost-Per-Effect Analysis“, Mitchell Institute Policy Paper Vol. 23 (Mitchell Institute for Aerospace Studies, Juli 2020), https://mitchellaerospacepower.org/resolving-americas-defense-strategy-resource-mismatch-the-case-for-cost-per-effect-analysis/.

¹² Antonio Calcara u. a., „Why Drones Have Not Revolutionized War: The Enduring Hider-Finder Competition in Air Warfare“, International Security 46, Nr. 4 (1. April 2022): 130–71, https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00431; Carlo Kopp, „Evolving Technological Strategy in Advanced Air Defense Systems“, Joint Force Quarterly 2d Quarter 2010, Nr. 57 (April 2010): 86–93; Rachel Cohen, „The US Air Force Sent F-35s to Defend NATO. Here’s What It Learned.“, Air Force Times, 31. März 2023, https://www.airforcetimes.com/news/your-air-force/2023/03/31/the-us-air-force-sent-f-35s-to-defend-nato-heres-what-it-learned/; Justin Bronk, „Regenerating Warfighting Credibility for European NATO Air Forces“, Whitehall Report 1-23 (London: Royal United Services Institute, Februar 2023), https://rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/whitehall-reports/regenerating-warfighting-credibility-european-nato-air-forces; Tyler Rogoway, „Could The F-35 Become The Biggest Electronic Intelligence Collection System Ever Devised?“, The Drive, 6. Juli 2016, https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/4291/could-the-f-35-become-the-biggest-electronic-intelligence-collection-system-ever-devised; Kris Osborn, „Sensor Fusion: The Secret Sauce That Makes the F-35 Revolutionary“, The National Interest (The Center for the National Interest, 1. September 2021), https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/sensor-fusion-secret-sauce-makes-f-35-revolutionary-192873.

¹³ Loren Thompson, „The F-35 Isn’t Just ‚Stealthy‘: Here’s How Its Electronic Warfare System Gives It An Edge“, Forbes, 13. Mai 2019, https://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenthompson/2019/05/13/how-a-super-agile-electronic-warfare-system-makes-f-35-the-most-invincible-combat-aircraft-ever/; Justin Bronk, „The F-35 Is a Work in Progress, but It Is Improving and Essential for UK Airpower“, RUSI Defence Systems, Volume 19, 17. Juli 2017, https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/rusi-defence-systems/f-35-work-progress-it-improving-and-essential-uk-airpower.

¹⁴ Frank Kuhn, „Making Nuclear Sharing Credible Again: What the F-35A Means for NATO“, War on the Rocks, 14. September 2023, https://warontherocks.com/2023/09/making-nuclear-sharing-credible-again-what-the-f-35a-means-for-nato/.

¹⁵Tim Robinson, „Disperse and survive“, The AEROSPACE Insight, 5. Mai 2023, https://www.aerosociety.com/news/disperse-and-survive/; Charles Q. Brown, Bradley D. Spacy, und Charles G. Glover III, „Untethered Operations. Rapid Mobility and Forward Basing Are Keys to Airpower’s Success in the Antiaccess/Area-Denial Environment“, Air & Space Power Journal 29, Nr. 3 (2015): 17–28; Robert D. Davies, „Forward Arming and Refueling Points for Fighter Aircraft. Power Projection in an Antiaccess Environment“, Air & Space Power Journal 28, Nr. 5 (2014): 5–28.

¹⁶ Joseph Trevithick, „F-35A Has Flown From A Highway For The First Time“, The Drive, 21. September 2023, https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/f-35a-has-flown-from-a-highway-for-the-first-time.

¹⁷ Isaiah Oppelaar, „Agile Combat Employment. The Next Big Thing for NATO Air Power“, Transforming Joint Air & Space Power: The Journal of the Joint Air Power Competence Centre (JAPCC), Nr. 36 (Oktober 2023): 54–59; Davies, „Forward Arming and Refueling Points for Fighter Aircraft. Power Projection in an Antiaccess Environment“.

¹⁸ Stephen Losey, „F-35 Program Finishes Years-Late Tests Needed for Full Production“, Defense News, 29. September 2023, https://www.defensenews.com/air/2023/09/29/f-35-program-finishes-years-late-tests-needed-for-full-production/.

¹⁹ Bronk, „The F-35 Is a Work in Progress, but It Is Improving and Essential for UK Airpower“.

²⁰William M. Arkin und Hans M. Kristensen, „US Deploys New Low-Yield Nuclear Submarine Warhead“, Federation Of American Scientists (blog), 29. Januar 2020, https://fas.org/blogs/security/2020/01/w76-2deployed/.